长周期波浪激发矩形港池多模态共振研究     

张翔  马小舟  郑振钧  董雨进  董国海 《海洋工程》2019,37(5):28-36

长和宽接近的矩形港池存在横向、纵向及横纵向混合共振模态。采用基于混合有限元的椭圆型缓坡方程数值模型模拟不同波浪入射角的低频波浪激发矩形港池的多模态共振,并分析不同平面布置形式的矩形港池模态响应特性。结果表明,斜向波浪会激发港池的横向共振模态,其放大因子受入射角度影响较大,而纵向共振模态的放大因子受入射角度影响较小。口门宽度对港池的共振模态个数与放大因子均有影响,具体为:随着口门宽度增加,各阶模态放大因子减小。口门位置对纯横向以及纯纵向共振的振荡模式有显著影响,而对横向纵向混合模态影响较小。各阶模态放大因子的大小和波节线与波腹线与口门的相对位置密切相关。  相似文献   

Tropical drought patterns and their linkages to large-scale climate variability over Peninsular Malaysia     

Qing He  Kwok Pan Chun  Mou Leong Tan  Bastien Dieppois  Liew Juneng  Julian Klaus  Matthieu Fournier  Nicolas Massei  Omer Yetemen 《水文研究》2021,35(9):e14356

Ocean–atmosphere modes of climate variability in the Pacific and Indian oceans, as well as monsoons, regulate the regional wet and dry episodes in tropical regions. However, how those modes of climate variability, and their interactions, lead to spatial differences in drought patterns over tropical Asia at seasonal to interannual time scales remains unclear. This study aims to analyse the hydroclimate processes for both short- and long-term spatial drought patterns (3-, 6, 12- and 24-months) over Peninsular Malaysia using the Standardized Precipitation Index, Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, and Palmer Drought Severity Index. Besides that, a generalized least squares regression is used to explore underlying circulation mechanisms of these spatio-temporal drought patterns. The tested drought indices indicate a tendency towards wetter conditions over Peninsular Malaysia. Based on principal component analysis, distinct spatio-temporal drought patterns are revealed, suggesting North–South and East–West gradients in drought distribution. The Pacific El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the South Western Indian Ocean (SWIO) variability, and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) are significant contributors to the observed spatio-temporal variability in drought. Both the ENSO and the SWIO modulate the North–South gradient in drought conditions over Peninsular Malaysia, while the QBO contributes more to the East–West gradient. Through modulating regional moisture fluxes, the warm phases of the ENSO and the SWIO, and the western phases of the QBO weaken the southwest and northeast monsoon, leading to precipitation deficits and droughts over Peninsular Malaysia. The East–West or North–South gradients in droughts are related to the middle mountains blocking southwest and northeast moisture fluxes towards Peninsular Malaysia. In addition, the ENSO and QBO variations are significantly leading to short-term droughts (less than a year), while the SWIO is significantly associated with longer-duration droughts (2 years or more). Overall, this work demonstrates how spatio-temporal drought patterns in tropical regions are related to monsoons and moisture transports affected by the oscillations over the Pacific and Indian oceans, which is important for national water risk management.  相似文献   

低纬准双周振荡对2018年8月广东持续性特大暴雨过程的影响     

董雪晗  李江南  阮子夕  冯业荣 《热带地理》2020,40(4):752-764

2018-08-27—09-01广东发生了一次持续性特大暴雨过程，被列为广东省2018年十大天气事件之一。文章综合利用欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）全球再分析资料ERA-Interim、广东省加密自动站观测资料、中国地面累年值日值数据集(1981—2010年）、NOAA日平均和长期平均向外长波辐射数据，采用小波分析、带通滤波、回归分析等方法，对此次暴雨过程进行分析，主要探讨低纬大气准双周振荡对此次持续性暴雨过程的影响。结果表明：此次暴雨持续时间长、影响范围大，影响此次暴雨天气过程的主要天气系统为季风低压，并伴随有切变线和低空急流；季风低压减弱西移后，与南海西北部高压共同作用，广东沿海极端降水达到最强。2018年7—9月广东省降水和向外长波辐射OLR有显著的6~13 d振荡特征，同时受低纬西北太平洋对流振荡和热带北印度洋对流振荡的影响。低频振荡自西太平洋地区，向西北方向传播，引起了华南沿海的低频对流与环流的发展；来自热带北印度洋上的气流经由孟加拉湾、中南半岛到达华南沿海地区，形成了低频振荡的垂直环流圈，有利于水汽输送及对流发展。两者叠加，影响了此次持续性暴雨的发生发展。  相似文献   

季节内振荡水汽收支对长江中下游持续性极端降水强度的调控作用     

叶梦茜  余锦华  谢洁宏  林巧美 《热带气象学报》2024,(1):52-63

利用中国1979—2019年逐日降水格点数据,考量降水的时空聚集性强度之客观监测方法,识别中国东部区域极端降水事件,发现长江中下游是夏季持续3 d及以上区域持续性极端降水(PREP)发生最频繁的区域。以此为研究对象,基于水汽收支理论,利用ERA-Interim再分析资料和带通滤波方法,诊断日降水及其水汽收支的季节内特征,研究关键尺度对流层高低空系统配置及演变。结果显示：PREP日降水强度及其演变被证实与区域大气柱水汽辐合量相一致。10～30 d准双同振荡(QBWO)和30～90 d(MJO)的水汽辐合在事件发生前1～3 d和7～9 d开始由负位相转为正位相。区域南、北边界QBWO(MJO)水汽输送在事件发生前2～4 d(9～10 d)由水汽输出转为输入。南海的QBWO对流北传至长江中下游,促使源于西北太平洋的对流层低层QBWO反气旋式环流系统向西南移动,其西北侧的西南风使区域南边界水汽输送在事件开始日达最大。事件发生前10 d左右,对流层低层MJO反气旋式环流系统出现在西北太平洋,并向西南移动,长江中下游气旋系统加强维持,对流层中层孟加拉湾MJO尺度低槽开始加深,三者的配合使区域南边界的MJO水汽输入逐渐增强并维持到事件发生后。MJO尺度的强水汽输入结合QBWO反气旋式环流促使长江中下游地区的持续性极端降水事件的发生。研究结果对持续性极端降水事件延伸期的预报提供参考。  相似文献   

亚洲夏季风30～60天季节内振荡对中国东部地区持续性极端降水的影响     

李健颖  毛江玉 《大气科学》2019,43(4):796-812

本文基于1979～2015年中国台站观测的格点化高分辨率降水和NCEP II大气再分析逐日资料,探讨了亚洲季风区夏季30～60天大气季节内振荡（ISO）与长江中下游地区持续性降水异常的关系,重点揭示了南亚和东亚子季风区ISO的相互作用及二者协同引起长江中下游持续性极端降水的物理机制。合成分析表明,南亚和东亚ISO是通过高层辐散环流发生相互作用。在ISO位相1～3（5～7）,异常活跃（抑制）对流从赤道印度洋北传至孟加拉湾—印度次大陆区域,其伴随的高层异常辐散（辐合）环流通过补偿效应,引起南海—热带西北太平洋的异常高层辐合（辐散）,加强了局地的异常下沉（上升）运动,有利于南海—西北太平洋的异常抑制（活跃）对流发展并维持。南海—西北太平洋的异常抑制（活跃）对流伴随着显著的斜压散度,并进一步激发出一个连接南海和长江中下游的经向垂直环流圈,引起长江中下游强烈的异常上升（下沉）运动和低层水汽辐合（辐散）,使得降水持续性偏多（少）,极端降水的发生概率持续地偏高（低）,有利于（不利于）形成持续性极端降水事件。研究还表明,亚洲季风区ISO的强度存在显著的年际变化,并对长江中下游持续性极端降水的发生频次和持续时间具有调制作用。在ISO偏强（弱）年,长江中下游持续性极端降水的发生频次较高（低）,且持续时间较长（短）。  相似文献   

Regional seasonality in the intraseasonal oscillation over the Indo-Pacific Oceans     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2019

The interlinked Eastern Indian Ocean (EIO) and Western Pacific Ocean (WPO), known as the Indo-Pacific warm pool, are highly active regions for intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs). Interestingly, distinct behaviors exist in ISO seasonality in these two basins. In the WPO, ISO intensity peaks in winter, decays rapidly starting from spring and reaches a minimum in summer. While in the EIO, ISO intensity exhibits a bimodal distribution, with a stronger peak in spring and a weaker one in autumn, followed by two troughs in summer and winter, respectively. Here, the regional ISO seasonality is understood in view of the regional differences in the background fields. For the bimodal ISO seasonality in the EIO, the increase from winter to spring is primarily due to elevated moisture content, the decrease from spring to summer is due to the decline in moisture and the meridional variation in vertical wind shear, and the increase from summer to autumn is mainly attributed to the meridional variation in vertical wind shear. In the WPO, the significant winter-summer contrast is mainly caused by change in moisture content.  相似文献   

Asymmetric effects of atmospheric circulation on the South China Sea summer monsoon onset     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2019

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广西冬季降水的低频特征及其与MJO的联系     

何洁琳  陆虹  何慧  李艳兰  周秀华 《热带气象学报》2019,35(3):304-312

应用广西壮族自治区国家气象站降水,NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料,NOAA逐日向外长波辐射(OLR)等逐日资料,NOAA-CPC热带大气季节内振荡(MJO)指数等,使用经验正交函数分解方法分析了广西冬季降水的气候特征;用功率谱、带通滤波、相关分析和滞后线性回归等方法,以及定义MJO相关降水事件,研究了广西冬季降水异常偏多年的降水低频特征及其与MJO的联系。(1)广西冬季降水特征以全区一致型分布为主;冬季降水异常偏多年份的逐日降水具有14~26 d的低频周期。(2) MJO强对流在赤道印度洋东部发展并东传到西太平洋热带地区时,广西可出现冬季持续强降水。(3)当MJO异常对流在印度洋东部热带地区产生,中南半岛地区到华南地区上空为异常低频偏南和偏西南气流,有利于降水形成;当印度洋东部热带地区为MJO对流抑制区,华南地区上空为异常低频偏东气流控制,不利于降水产生。(4)华南地区上空大气环流的异常是由热带印度洋地区的MJO对流激发的Rossby波列造成。   相似文献   

Intraseasonal Variations of Summer Convection over the Tibetan Plateau Revealed by Geostationary Satellite FY-2E in 2010–14     

Bo LI  Liu YANG  Shihao TANG 《Journal of Meteorological Research》2019,(3):478-490

Based on the infrared black body temperature (TBB) observed by the geostationary meteorological satellite FY-2E from 2010 to 2014, the seasonal migration, occurrence frequency, and intraseasonal variability of summer convection over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its surrounding areas are analyzed. The results show that in May, convection mainly occurs over the eastern edge of the TP;in June, following the onset of the Asian summer monsoon, the strongest (severe) convection occurs in the southeastern part of the TP;and in July-August, strong southwesterly winds transport abundant moisture to the eastern and central areas of the TP, leading to formation of an active convection belt over southeastern TP. The results also show that in the western TP, the area with convection frequency greater than 6% occupies the southern plateau around the 37th pentad, and gradually moves northward until the end of July;in the central plateau, convection (severe convection) becomes active since early (mid) June, and maintains through the entire late summer with three major northward movements until reaching 34°N;and in the eastern TP, the convection is relatively active since the beginning of May and its northward stretching is slightly later than that over the central plateau. Overall, summer convective activities are unevenly distributed over the TP, with frequency of convection decreasing from south to north;and they also exhibit considerable intraseasonal variability, the maximum of which is found over the middle reach of the Yarlung Zangbo River and the southeastern plateau. EOF analysis of summer convection frequency over the TP reveals two leading modes, with the first mode being a dipole variation pattern between the Indian monsoon region and the southeastern TP, and the second mode a tripole pattern over the western TP, the Indian continent west of 80°E, and the South Asian continent east of 80°E.  相似文献   

利用宽频带倾斜仪观测资料检测日本9．0级大地震激发的地球自由振荡     

张纳莉  李细顺  成娜  姜成  温超  王锐锋  任佳  张晓刚 《东北地震研究》2011,27(3):32-36

本文利用张家口台宽频带倾斜仪的数字化观测资料,采用功率谱密度估计方法,在没有对资料进行去固体潮处理的情况下,准确获得了2011年3月11日日本9．0级大地震激发的oS2～oS35,基频球型自由振荡,并与地球初步参考模型（PREM）的理论自由振荡频率进行了对比,发现实测振荡频率与PREM预测的振荡频率基本符合。宽频带倾斜仪的数字化观测资料的确可以提取到日本地震激发的地球自由振荡。  相似文献